Melasma is a form of pigmentation influenced by hormones, sun exposure and heat. Unlike sunspots, it sits deeper in the skin and can be triggered or worsened by energy-based treatments, including IPL and some laser procedures. Treating melasma aggressively can make it more prominent and harder to manage. For this reason, melasma is usually managed conservatively — with carefully selected skincare, strict daily sun protection and, in some cases, referral for medical review — rather than with heat or light-based treatments. If we suspect melasma at your consultation, we'll explain this and tailor our recommendations accordingly.